Pioneering Goal Attainment Scaling Research

Our team of experts and researchers collaborate closely with academia and partners to establish Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) as a reliable outcome measure. We persistently publish our scientific findings and research to enhance the accuracy of GAS results. Our peer-reviewed articles and publications span various disease areas and multiple disciplines.

Patient-advocate-led global coalition adapting fit-for-purpose outcomes measures to assure meaningful inclusion of DEEs in clinical trials

JayEtta Hecker, Gabrielle Conecker, Chere Chapman, Rebecca Hommer, Natasha N. Ludwig, Gunes Sevinc, Sara Te, Mary Wojnaroski, Jenny Downs, and Anne T. Berg
June 22, 2024

Clinical Meaningfulness in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials. A Report from the EU-US CTAD Task Force

D. Angioni, J. Cummings, C. J. Lansdall, L. Middleton, C. Sampaio, S. Gauthier, S. Cohen, R. C. Petersen, D. M. Rentz, A. M. Wessels, S. B. Hendrix, F. Jessen, M. C. Carrillo, R. S. Doody, M. Irizarry, J. S. Andrews, B. Vellas, P. Aisen, EU/US CTAD Task force, Sandrine Andrieu, Randall Bateman, Richard Batrla, Joanne Bell, Oskar Bosson, Sasha Bozeat, Dawn Brooks, Samantha Budd Haeberlein, Teresa Buracchio, Min Cho, Matthew Choung, Gavin Cook, Darrin Crisitello, Fernando Dangond, Susan de Santi, Ellen Dennehy, Shobha Dhadda, Harjeet Dhillon, Billy Dunn, Michael Egan, Fiona Elwood, Sven Eriksson, Tom Fagan, Howard Fillit, Per-Ola Freskgard, Diana Gallagher, Gopi Gangi, Carlos Granda, David Greeley, Anna-Kaija Gronblad, Harald Hampel, Paul Hawthorne, David Henley, Joe Herring, Steve Hersch, Bill Holt, Takeshi Iwatsubo, Daryl Jones, Anja Kahl, Gene Kinney, Hartmuth Kolb, Lynn Kramer, Luka Kulic, Sanjay Kumar, Lars Lannfelt, John Lawson, Valérie Legrand, Rachel Lenington, Frank Longo, Brandy Matthews, Donna Masterman, Kristina McLinden, Sarah Mikels, Michael Miller, Mark Mintun, Hans Moebius, Cecilia Monteiro, Mario Morken, Jennifer Murphy, Tomas Odergren, Gunilla Osswald, Laura Parnas, Maria-Magdalena Patru, Charlene Prazma, Rema Raman, Larisa Reyderman, Sharon Rogers, Lise Roman, Gary Romano, Mark Roskey, Ivana Rubino, Laurie Ryan, Stephen Salloway, Rachel Schindler, Lon Schneider, David Scott, John Sims, Daniel Skovronsky, Marion Soto, Reisa Sperling, Lennert Steukers, Erik Stoops, Stephen Strittmatter, Amir Tahami, Gilles Tamagnan, Gilles Tariot, Masoud Toloue, Jacques Touchon, Eugeen Vanmechelen, Len Walt, Mark Weinberg, Michael Weiner, Anne White, Iris Wiesel, David Wilson, Lisa Yarenis, Wagner Zago & Jin Zhou
June 13, 2024

A systematic review of goal attainment scaling implementation practices by caregivers in randomized controlled trials

Kulpreet Cheema, Taylor Dunn, Chere Chapman, Kenneth Rockwood, Susan E. Howlett & Gunes Sevinc
March 26, 2024

A psychosocial goal-setting and manualised support intervention for independence in dementia (NIDUS-Family) versus goal setting and routine care: a single-masked, phase 3, superiority, randomised controlled trial

Prof Claudia Cooper PhD, Victoria Vickerstaff PhD, Julie Barber PhD, Rosemary Phillips, Margaret Ogden, Prof Kate Walters PhD, Iain Lang PhD, Penny Rapaport PhD, Vasiliki Orgeta PhD, Prof Kenneth Rockwood MD, Sara Banks DClinPsy, Marina Palomo DClinPsy, Prof Laurie T Butler PhD, Kathyrn Lord PhD, Prof Gill Livingston MD, Prof Sube Banerjee MD, Prof Jill Manthorpe MA, Prof Briony Dow MD, Prof Juanita Hoe PhD, Prof Rachael Hunter MSc, Quincy Samus MD, Jessica Budgett MSc
February 1, 2024

FDA Patient-Focused Drug Development Guidance: Considerations for Trial Readiness in Rare Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies

Anne T. Berg, PhD, , Natasha N. Ludwig, PhD, Mary Wojnaroski, PhD , Chere A.T. Chapman, MBA, MHSc, Rebecca Hommer, EdD , Gabrielle Conecker, MPH, JayEtta Z. Hecker, MS, Jenny Downs, PhD
December 15, 2023

What does better look like in individuals with severe neurodevelopmental impairments? A qualitative descriptive study on SCN2A-related developmental and epileptic encephalopathy

Jenny Downs, Natasha N. Ludwig, Mary Wojnaroski, Jessica Keeley, Leah Schust Myers, Chere A. T. Chapman, JayEtta Hecker, Gabrielle Conecker & Anne T. Berg
December 8, 2023

Feasibility and acceptability of NIDUS-Professional, a training and support intervention for homecare workers caring for clients living with dementia: a cluster-randomised feasibility trial protocol

Zabihi, Sedigheh; Duffy, Larisa; Kelleher, Daniel; Lord, Kathryn; Dar, Ayesha; Koutsoubelis, Freya; Banks, Sara; Rapaport, Penny; Mason, Clare; Vickerstaff, Victoria.
December 26, 2022

The feasibility of Goal Attainment Scaling in adults with Down syndrome: early results from the LIFE‐DSR‐GAS sub‐study

Dunn, Taylor; Britton, Angela; Chicoine, Brian; Costa, Alberto; Hendrix, James A; Knox, Kari; Lai, Florence; Mobley, William C; Rockwood, Kenneth; Rosas, H Diana.
December 20, 2022

The GOAL-Hēm journey: Shared decision-making and patient-centered outcomes

Jonathan C Roberts; Sharon Richardson; Moses E Miles; Justin Stanley; Chere A T Chapman; Michael Denne; Jorge Caicedo; Kenneth Rockwood; Michael Recht.
June 21, 2022

Incorporating the patient voice and patient engagement in GOAL-Hēm: Advancing patient-centric hemophilia care

Jonathan C. Roberts, MD; Michael Recht, MD; PhD, Sarah E. Gonzales, BS; Justin Stanley, BS; Michael Denne, PharmD; Jorge Caicedo, MD; Kenneth Rockwood, MD.
February 7, 2022

Patterns of Symptom Tracking by Caregivers and Patients With Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Cross-sectional Study

Taylor Dunn; Susan E Howlett; Sanja Stanojevic; Aaqib Shehzad; Justin Stanley; Kenneth Rockwood.
January 27, 2022

POSB322 The Goal Attainment Scaling Method Is Robust to Violations of Normality in Goal Scales: A Simulation Study

Dunn, T; Stanley, J; Knox, K; Stanojevic, S; Howlett, SE; Rockwood, K.
January 1, 2022

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a New psychosocial intervention to support Independence in Dementia (NIDUS-family) for family carers and people living with dementia in their own homes: a randomised controlled trial

Burton, Alexandra; Rapaport, Penny; Palomo, Marina; Lord, Kathryn; Budgett, Jessica; Barber, Julie; Hunter, Rachael; Butler, Laurie; Vickerstaff, Jessica; Rockwood, Kenneth.
December 2, 2021

CO3 Comparison of Goal Attainment and Measures of Function in Two Dementia Clinical Trials.

Stanley, J; Howlett, SE; Dunn, T; Stanojevic, S; Chapman, C; Rockwood, K.
June 1, 2021

The Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Change (Plus caregiver input) and goal attainment in two dementia drug trials: Clinical meaningfulness and the initial treatment response

Justin Stanley; Susan E Howlett; Taylor Dunn; Kenneth Rockwood.
April 29, 2021

A Patient-Centric Tool to Facilitate Goal Attainment Scaling in Neurogenic Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction: Path to Individualization

Jimena Goldstine; Kari Knox; Joke Beekman; Hanny Cobussen-Boekhorst; Alessio Conti; Mikel Gray; Gary Inglese; Amanda England; Gianna Rodriguez; Justin Stanley; Stephanie Vaughn; Susan E Howlett; Kenneth Rockwood.
March 1, 2021

Development of a symptom menu to facilitate Goal Attainment Scaling in adults with Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer's disease: a qualitative study to identify meaningful symptoms

Kari Knox; Justin Stanley; James A Hendrix; Hampus Hillerstrom; Taylor Dunn; Jillian Achenbach; Brian A Chicoine; Florence Lai ; Ira Lott; Sanja Stanojevic; Susan E Howlett; Kenneth Rockwood.
January 11, 2021

A mixed-methods feasibility study of a goal-focused manualised intervention to support people with dementia to stay living independently at home with support from family carers: NIDUS (New Interventions for Independence in Dementia Study) Family

Penny Rapaport; Alexandra Burton; Marina Palomo; Jessica Griffiths; Daniel Kelleher; Monica Leverton; Victoria Vickerstaff; Julie Barber; Megan Bird; Jessica Budgett; Jodie Birch; Kenneth Rockwood; Murna Downs; Kathryn Lord; Helen C Kales; Gill Livingston; Peter Riley; Claudia Cooper.
November 23, 2020

Use of Patient-Reported Symptoms from an Online Symptom Tracking Tool for Dementia Severity Staging: Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Approach

Aaqib Shehzad; Kenneth Rockwood; Justin Stanley; Taylor Dunn; Susan E Howlett.
November 11, 2020

The responsiveness of goal attainment scaling using just one goal in controlled clinical trials: an exploratory analysis

Lisa McGarrigle; Kenneth Rockwood.
May 12, 2020

PND16 A Semi-Standardized Symptom Menu To Facilitate Goal Attainment Scaling In Dementia Drug Trials: Comparison With Traditional Approaches

Stanley, J; Chapman, Chere; Howlett, SE; Rockwood, K.
November 1, 2019

The symptoms targeted for monitoring in a web-based tracking tool by caregivers of people with dementia and agitation: Cross-sectional study

Rockwood, Kenneth; Sanon Aigbogun, Myrlene; Stanley, Justin; Wong, Helen; Dunn, Taylor; Chapman, Chère AT; Howlett, Susan E; Miguelez, Maia; McGarrigle, Lisa; Baker, Ross A;
June 28, 2019

PIH2 development and validation of a patient centered outcome measure for use in dementia drug trials

Rockwood, K; Stanley, J; Dunn, T; Howlett, SE.
May 1, 2019

Exploring the responsiveness of goal attainment scaling in relation to number of goals set in a sample of hemophilia-A patients

Lisa McGarrigle; Jonathan C Roberts; Michael Denne; Kenneth Rockwood.
April 1, 2019

Characterizing the symptom of misplacing objects in people with dementia: findings from an online tracking tool

McGarrigle, Lisa; Howlett, Susan E; Wong, Helen; Stanley, Justin; Rockwood, Kenneth.
January 30, 2019

Goal Attainment Scaling for haemophilia (GAS-Hēm): Testing the feasibility of a new patient-centric outcome measure in people with haemophilia

J C Roberts; S Lattimore; M Recht; S Jackson; D Gue; S Squire; K S Robinson; V Price; M Denne; S Richardson; K Rockwood.
April 6, 2018

Individualizing the care of older heart failure patients

Heckman, George A; McKelvie, Robert S; Rockwood, Kenneth.
March 1, 2018

What Does The Symptom Of Misplacing Objects Mean In People With Dementia? Findings From An Online Tracking Tool

Howlett, Susan E; Stanley, Justin; Wong, Helen; Rockwood, Kenneth.
July 17, 2017

Clinical meaningfulness of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive subscale change in relation to goal attainment in patients on cholinesterase inhibitors

Rockwood, Kenneth; Howlett, Susan E; Hoffman, Deborah; Schindler, Rachel; Mitnitski, Arnold.
March 21, 2017

Exploration of verbal repetition in people with dementia using an online symptom-tracking tool

Reeve, Emily; Molin, Pierre; Hui, Amaris; Rockwood, Kenneth.
March 9, 2017

Treatment in a Geriatric Day Hospital improve individualized outcome measures using Goal Attainment Scaling

Moorhouse, Paige; Theou, Olga; Fay, Sherri; McMillan, Miranda; Moffatt, Heather; Rockwood, Kenneth.
January 7, 2017

Recognizing the need for personalization of hemophilia patient-reported outcomes in the prophylaxis era

M Recht; B A Konkle; S Jackson; E J Neufeld; K Rockwood; S Pipe.
August 31, 2016

A clinimetric evaluation of specialized geriatric care for rural dwelling, frail older people

Rockwood, Kenneth; Stadnyk, Karen; Carver, Daniel; MacPherson, Kathleen M; Beanlands, Hope E; Powell, Colin; Stolee, Paul; Thomas, Vince Salazar; Tonks, Robert S.
April 27, 2015

Network visualization to discern patterns of relationships between symptoms in dementia

Mitnitski, Arnold; Richard, Matthew; Crowell, Thomas; Rockwood, Kenneth.
October 8, 2014

Cognitive change in donepezil treated patients with vascular or mixed dementia

Rockwood, Kenneth; Mitnitski, Arnold; Black, Sandra E; Richard, Matthew; Defoy, Isabelle.
September 23, 2014

Modeling How The Intensity Of The Initial Treatment Response Forecasts Dementia Progression In Alzheimer's Disease

Rockwood, Kenneth; Richard, Matthew; Mitnitski, Arnold.
August 4, 2014

Good days and bad days in dementia: a qualitative chart review of variable symptom expression

Rockwood, Kenneth; Fay, Sherri; Hamilton, Laura; Ross, Elyse; Moorhouse, Paige;
August 1, 2014

Neuropsychiatric symptom clusters targeted for treatment at earlier versus later stages of dementia

Rockwood, Kenneth; Mitnitski, Arnold; Richard, Matthew; Kurth, Matthias; Kesslak, Patrick; Abushakra, Susan.
May 5, 2014

Precipitating and predisposing events and symptoms for admission to assisted living or nursing home care

Rockwood, James KH; Richard, Matthew; Garden, Kathryn; Hominick, Kathryn; Mitnitski, Arnold; Rockwood, Kenneth.
December 20, 2013

Staging dementia from symptom profiles on a care partner website

Rockwood, Kenneth; Richard, Matthew; Leibman, Chris; Mucha, Lisa; Mitnitski, Arnold.
August 1, 2013

Validation of an informant-reported web-based data collection to assess dementia symptoms

Rockwood, Kenneth; Zeng, An; Leibman, Chris; Mucha, Lisa; Mitnitski, Arnold.
March 12, 2012

An international needs assessment of caregivers for frontotemporal dementia

Tiffany W Chow 1, Fabricio J Pio, Kenneth Rockwood
September 1, 2011

Should we listen to people affected by dementia?

Rockwood, Kenneth.
February 17, 2011

An individualized approach to tracking and treating Alzheimer's disease

Rockwood, K.
August 11, 2010

Good days and bad days in dementia: Results of an online survey

Rockwood, Kenneth; Mitnitski, Arnold.
July 1, 2010

The ADAS‐cog and clinically meaningful change in the VISTA clinical trial of galantamine for Alzheimer's disease

Rockwood, Kenneth; Fay, Sherri; Gorman, Mary.
February 25, 2010

Verbal repetition in people with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer disease: a descriptive analysis from the VISTA Clinical Trial

Cook, Cheryl; Fay, Sherri; Rockwood, Kenneth.
April 1, 2009

Misplacing objects in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a descriptive analysis from the VISTA clinical trial

Hamilton, L; Fay, Sherri; Rockwood, Kenneth.
March 16, 2009

Symptom fluctuation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease in the VISTA clinical trial

Cook, Cheryl; Fay, Sherri; Rockwood, Kenneth.
January 1, 2009

Kenneth Rockwood: on a mission to save the world?

Williams, Ruth.
May 1, 2008

Decreased initiation of usual activities in people with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease: a descriptive analysis from the VISTA clinical trial

Cook, Cheryl; Fay, Sherri; Rockwood, Kenneth.
April 11, 2008

Effect of galantamine on verbal repetition in AD: a secondary analysis of the VISTA trial

Rockwood, Kenneth; Fay, Sherri; Jarrett, Pamela; Asp, Elissa.
April 3, 2007

The measuring, meaning and importance of activities of daily living (ADLs) as an outcome

Rockwood, Kenneth;
March 15, 2007

Global assessment measures for assessing efficacy in dementia drug trials

Rockwood, Kenneth.
March 1, 2007

Treatment expectations in Alzheimer’s disease

Rockwood, Kenneth.
January 1, 2007

Specific symptomatic changes following donepezil treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a multi‐centre, primary care, open‐label study

Rockwood, Kenneth; Black, Sandra; Bedard, Marc‐Andre; Tran, Thang; Lussier, Isabelle.
September 27, 2006

Verbal repetition in patients with Alzheimer's disease who receive donepezil

Asp, Elissa; Cloutier, France; Fay, Sherri; Cook, Cheryl; Robertson, Mary Lou; Fisk, John; Dei, Ding‐Wai; Rockwood, Kenneth.
May 1, 2006

Attainment of treatment goals by people with Alzheimer's disease receiving galantamine: a randomized controlled trial

Rockwood, Kenneth; Fay, Sherri; Song, Xiaowei; MacKnight, Chris; Gorman, Mary.
April 11, 2006

Global assessment measures

Rockwood, Kenneth; Morris, John C.
January 1, 2006

The ACADIE study: Does donepezil meet the expectations of treatment

Rockwood, Kenneth.
January 1, 2004

The treatment of Alzheimer's disease: success short of cure

Rockwood, Kenneth; Wallack, Michael; Tallis, Raymond.
October 1, 2003

Responsiveness of goal attainment scaling in a randomized controlled trial of comprehensive geriatric assessment

Rockwood, Kenneth; Howlett, Susan; Stadnyk, Karen; Carver, Daniel; Powell, Colin; Stolee, Paul;
August 1, 2003

Goal setting and attainment in Alzheimer’s disease patients treated with donepezil

Rockwood, K; Graham, JE; Fay, S.
November 1, 2002

Improving clinical descriptions to understand the effects of dementia treatment: consensus recommendations

Rockwood, Kenneth; Joffres on behalf of the Halifax Consensus Conference on Understanding the Effects of Dementia Treatment, 21‐24, November 2001, Christine;
October 3, 2002

What do we treat patients for?

Rockwood, Kenneth
January 1, 2001

Responsiveness of outcome measures used in an antidementia drug trial

Rockwood, Kenneth; Stolee, Paul;
July 1, 2000

Assessing Patients' Views of Clinical Changes—Reply

Gordon, Janet; Rockwood, Kenneth; Powell, Colin;
April 12, 2000

An Individualized Approach to Outcome Measurement in Geriatric Rehabilitation

Stolee, Paul; Stadnyk, Karen; Myers, Anita M; Rockwood, Kenneth.
December 1, 1999

Goal attainment scaling as a measure of clinically important change in nursing-home patients.

Gordon, Janet E; Powell, Colin; Rockwood, Kenneth.
May 1, 1999

A standardized menu for goal attainment scaling in the care of frail elders

Morrow-Howell, Nancy; Yip, Alexandra M; Gorman, Mary C; Stadnyk, Karen; Mills, Wilma GM; MacPherson, M; Rockwood, Kenneth.
December 1, 1998

Comprehensive geriatric assessment: helping your elderly patients maintain functional well-being

Rockwood, Kenneth; Silvius, James L; Fox, Roy A.
March 1, 1998

Use of goal attainment scaling in measuring clinically important change in cognitive rehabilitation patients

K Rockwood, B Joyce, P Stolee.
May 1, 1997

Use of goal attainment scaling to measure treatment effects in an anti-dementia drug trial

Rockwood, Kenneth; Stolee, Paul; Howard, Kellee; Mallery, Laurie
October 28, 1996

Integration of research methods and outcome measures: Comprehensive care for the frail elderly

Rockwood, Kenneth;
August 1, 1995

Quality of life in Alzheimer’s disease

Howard, Kellee; Rockwood, Kenneth
March 1, 1995

Setting goals in geriatric rehabilitation and measuring their attainment

Rockwood, Kenneth
May 1, 1994

Use of Goal Attainment Scaling In Brain Injury In a Rehabilitation Hospital

B M Joyce, K J Rockwood, C C Mate-Kole
February 1, 1994

Use of global assessment measures in dementia drug trials

Rockwood, Kenneth
January 1, 1994

Use of goal attainment scaling in measuring clinically important change in the frail elderly

Kenneth Rockwood, Paul Stolee, Roy A. FoxP
October 1, 1993

The use of goal attainment scaling in a geriatric care setting

P Stolee, K Rockwood, R A Fox, D L Streiner
June 1, 1992

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